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The Battle of the Golden Spurs (Courtrai, 11 July 1302)

A Contribution to the History of Flanders' War of Liberation, 1297-1305

The Battle of the Golden Spurs (Courtrai, 11 July 1302)
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On 11 July 1302, beneath the town walls of Courtrai, the most splendid army of knights in Christendom, the flower of French nobility, was utterly defeated by Flemish rebels, common workers and peasants. The superbly trained noblemen, who had devoted their whole life to the military profession, fully experienced in fighting on horseback in close ranks, were led by an able commander, the count of Artois, victor of a number of campaigns. They were defeated in three hours by men who had little experience of warfare, men who lived by the unremitting labour of their hands. This army of brave and robust workers - weavers, fullers, and peasants - all fighting on foot, was under the command of able leaders and possessed excellent weapons. They put a sudden end to the old myth of the invincibility of the knights. 'It was an almost impossible event' noted the Florentine banker, Villani; in Rome, Pope Boniface VIII was awakened in the middle of the night to read the report.

It is not surprising that immediately following the events a French explanation of the terrible defeat arose that was intended to save the honour and glory of French nobility. In Flanders the great victory was glorified and presented as a just reward for the boldness of the townsmen and the competence of the commanders. Unfortunately there were no impartial witnesses; and any account of the battle must pay careful attention to the personalities of the various chroniclers, to their nationality, political and social conceptions as well as to their personal sympathies. Even modern scholars do not completely avoid such influences when discussing the importance of the battle and judging its political effects.

J.F.Verbruggen's masterly study of the battle not only presents an narrative of the actual events, but studies the problems involved in such a reconstruction, showing the kind of difficulties which the medieval military historian faces. He begins with an extensive discussions of the sources, and of the subsequent attempts to interpret them, before proceeding to offer his own account of the events of that dramatic day, which must rank as one of the greatest battles of the middle ages.

Boydell & Brewer; August 2002
294 pages; ISBN 9781846150265
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